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The fewkey terms of each discipline have been discussed randomly along twoessays.
![]() Sejarah definisi leksikal Bahasa Arab Tigani M. A. Zaid is Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy,Faculty of Arts, University of Khartoum, Sudan. Zein is Professor in the Department of Usul al-Din andComparative Religion, Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and HumanSciences, International Islamic University Malaysia. Email: email protected 218 Intellectual Discourse, Vol 24, No 2, 2016dalam bidang yang berbeza ketika tamadun sejarah Islam memberikan kitabanyak maklumat tentang bagaimana proses-proses ini dilakukan pada setiapperingkat pembangunannya. Dalam artikel ini, di samping penulis-penulismengutarakan sejarah definisi Bahasa Arab leksikel secara bijak, mereka jugamemberikan tumpuan kepada pembangunan disiplin yang menggandungifalsafah Bahasa Arab untuk Bahasa-bahasa teknikal, iaitu Kalm dan falsafah.Dalam setiap disiplin, penulis-penulis mengikut secara terperinci tiga fasakonvensional dalam pembangunannya, iaitu kemunculan, perkembangan dankestabilan. Ia patut diperkatakan bahawa walaupun terdapat ciri-ciri tersendiridalam setiap fasa, namun terdapat pertindihan dalam kalangan fasa-fasatersebut. Kajian ini membawa perhatian terhadap tempat yang signifikan bagial-Tarifat dalam al-Jurjn sebagai kamus yang canggih untuk bidang sainsbagi sejarah ketemadunan Islam.Kata Kunci: Definisi leksikal; Kalm; Falsafah.The preliminary knowledge of any science requires the knowledge ofits technical terms; whereas the profound knowledge of such a scienceentails the knowledge of the conditions and the degree of the progressionthrough which those technical terms have emerged, been developed andestablished. With reference to the technical languages of the Islamictradition, we may primarily examine the constructive interaction aswell as the dynamics of these conditions and the process of maturationover three main phases, which may be identified as the emergence, thedevelopment and the stage of stability. By the emergence stage of any technical terms for any sciencewe mean the language whereby the pioneers of specific science havecarefully selected, aiming at expressing, the main ideas which they havearticulated in schematic framework qua a seed of a newborn science.Newborn sciences in early Islamic civilization are like sciences ofthe adith, Kalm, Islamic jurisprudence and its principles, exegesis,Taawwuf, sciences of Arabic language, philosophy, etc. Acikgenc(1996) in the following quotation gives some insights on how thepioneers of the early intellectual Islamic sciences have formulatedlanguage strategies for the articulation of their technical language: The early generations of scholars were naturally very simple in their ideas concerning special sciences, although they were extremely sophisticated in their knowledge of religion and related issues, primarily because of the guidance of ARABIC PHILOSOPHICAL NOMENCLATURE ZAID ZEIN 219 Revelation. But soon, as a new generation of scholars began to take over this scholarly tradition, the desire for learning increased; as a result, a group of scholars with a sophisticated scientific mentality emerged. It is primarily through the efforts of these scientists and many others that a sophisticated technical scientific vocabulary gradually emerged towards the end of the second century of Islam. In fact, theywere available in natural language and then developed into conceptswith sophisticated and rich meanings that made them available for latertechnical scientific usage.1 By the development stage we mean the stage within which thoseselected key terms have been subject to studies for critical exposition.Such studies2 led the researchers to some sort of consensus in connectionwith the new concepts of conventional meaning of each term. However,the stability of the new meaning, the fruit of such wide consensus, ledspecific experts in lexicography to constitute the final stage in the lightof the rich literature of the critical studies i.e. Thus out of such critical studies, thoseparticular lexicographers have carefully sorted out the basic meaningof each single term and recorded it in a clear, accurate and concisemanner.3 This final process of recording such technical language in acertain lexicon is the stage of stability. It simply means that the technicalterms as well as their sciences have reached the status of maturity as thestage of stability of the technical terms of any science naturally comessubsequent to the stage of maturity of that science. The conditions andprogression within which those three phases took place along the earlyeight centuries of Islamic civilization will be discussed in the followingpages. Intellectual Discourse, Vol 24, No 2, 2016 Obviously, one of the works that focused on the historicity andprogression of the technical language on which Islamic sciences havebeen based is al-Tarift of Al-Jurjn (d. A.H.). This was done atthe climax of the development and maturation of these sciences. Clearly,then, al-Tarift reflected the highest level of creating a technicallanguage within a natural language. Evidently, this work marked adecisive moment in the history of Arabic language. There is, however, no doubt that some attempts of terminologicalmonographs were achieved before al-Tarift was written. But indeedsuch previous attempts, as we have explained below, were either naveor incomplete. Thus, it is significant to notice that no terminologicalwork similar to the encyclopedic effort of al-Jurjn enjoyed that statusof full admiration.
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